Conversion Tool

Power of Tens
Common Conversions
Viscosity & Density
Flow & Pressure
Affinity Laws

Power of Ten Prefixes

For example gram, metre, litre, second, Pascal, Watt
So 1 gram = 1000 milligram or 0.01 hectogram

	Symbol	Nano	Micro	Milli	Centi	Deci	UNIT	Deca	Hecto	Kilo	Mega	Giga
Nano = x 0.000000001	n
Micro = x0.000001	µ
Milli = x0.001	m
Centi = x 0.01	c
Deci = x 0.1	d
UNIT
Deca = x 10	D
Hecto = x 100	H
Kilo = x 1000	k
Mega = 1000000	M
Giga = x 1000000000	G

Mass

Kilogram (kg)	kg	g	mg
Gram (g)	g	kg	mg
Milligram (mg)	mg	g	kg

Volume

Cubic Metre (m³)	m³	l	ml	ul
Litre (l)	l	m³	ml	ul
Millilitre (ml)	ml	l	m³	ul
Microlitre (ul)	ul	l	ml	m³

Pressure

Millipascal (mPa)	mPa	Pa	kPa	MPa
Pascal (Pa)	Pa	kPa	MPa	mPa
Kilopascal (kPa)	kPa	MPa	mPa	Pa
Megapascal (MPa)	MPa	mPa	Pa	kPa

Power

Horsepower (Hp)	Hp	kW
Kilowatt (kW)	kW	Hp

Torque

Foot Pound (ft-lb)	ft-lb	in-lb	N-m
Inch Pound (in-lb)	in-lb	N-m	ft-lb
Newton Metre (N-m)	N-m	ft-lb	in-lb

Temperature

Farenheit	Farenheit	Centigrade
Centigrade	Centigrade	Farenheit

Relationship Between Kinematic and Absolute Viscosity

Liquid specific gravity
Kinematic viscosity	cSt	Absolute viscosity	cP
Absolute viscosity	cP	Kinematic viscosity	cSt

Absolute Viscosity

Poise	P	cP	Pa-s	mPa-s
Centipoise	cP	Pa-s	mPa-s	P
Pascal seconds	Pa-s	mPa-s	P	cP
Millipascal seconds	mPa-s	P	cP	Pa-s

Kinematic Viscosity

Stoke	St	cSt	cm²/s	mm²/s
Centistoke	cSt	cm²/s	mm²/s	St
cm²/s	cm²/s	mm²/s	St	cSt
mm²/s	mm²/s	St	cSt	cm²/s

Density & Specific Gravity

Gram/millilitre	g/ml	kg/l	kg/dm³	kg/m³
Kilogram/litre	kg/l	kg/dm³	kg/m³	g/ml
Kilogram/cubic decimetre	kg/dm³	kg/m³	g/ml	kg/l
Kilogram/cubic metre	kg/m³	g/ml	kg/l	kg/dm³

Specific Gravity (Relative Density) - SG - is a dimensionless unit defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water - at a specified temperature

The density of water at 4 degree C is 1 kg/l and is the value usually used to calculate SG

Density of Liquid	kg/l	then the SG is

Convert Mass Flow Rate to Volumetric Flow Rate

Liquid specific gravity
Flow in g/hr	g/hr	Flow in ml/hr	ml/hr
Flow in g/min	g/min	Flow in ml/min	ml/min
Flow in kg/hr	kg/hr	Flow in l/hr	l/hr
Flow in kg/min	kg/min	Flow in l/min	l/min

Flow

		ml/min	ml/hr	l/s	l/min	l/hr	m³/min	m³/hr	UK g/min	US g/min
ml/min
ml/hr
l/s
l/min
l/hr
m³/min
m³/hr
UK g/min
US g/min

Calculating Pipe Velocity

Pipe inside diameter	millimetres
Volumetric flow	m³/min
Pipe velocity	m/s

Pressure

		Atmosphere	Bar	PSI	Pascal (Pa)	kPa	MPa
Atmosphere
Bar
PSI
Pascal (Pa)
kPa
MPa

Convert Pressure to Head

Liquid specific gravity
Pressure in Bar	Bar	Head to Pressure	Bar
Head in Metres	Metres	Pressure to Head	Metres

Affinity Laws for Centrifugal Pump

DUTY		Estimated duty for revised speed	Estimated duty for revised impeller diameter
Flow at duty point	m³/hr	m³/hr	m³/hr
Head at duty point	m	m	m
Power absorbed at duty point	kW	kW	kW
Impeller diameter	mm	REVISED SPEED	REVISED IMPELLER DIAMETER
Operating speed	rpm	rpm	mm